Tampolo is, in several respects, the most structurally distinctive site in this dataset. It is the only protected area among the five surveyed here that operates under a community co-management model — a governance arrangement that integrates local fishermen as…

Nosy Hara occupies the far northern margin of Madagascar’s marine protected area network — a position that is both geographically literal and operationally significant. Its islets, situated off the country’s northernmost tip, shelter reef systems and endemic species of genuine…

Tanikely is, by the operational metrics of this dataset, the most accessible marine protected area in Madagascar’s national park network. Daily boat services, stable connectivity, a nearby hospital, and an established visitor infrastructure place it in a category of its…

Sahamalaza Îles Radama occupies a particular position in Madagascar’s conservation geography: it is legally a national park, ecologically an archipelago, and operationally something that resists easy categorisation. Straddling the Mozambique Channel off the northwestern coast, the park encompasses a fragmented…

Few protected areas in the Indian Ocean carry the dual weight of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve designation across both terrestrial and marine domains. Mananara-Nord does — and that designation is not honorary. It reflects ecosystems of genuine complexity, managed with…